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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><issn publication-format="print">2072-6414</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17059/ekon.reg.2024-3-11</article-id><title-group xml:lang="en"><article-title>Rankings and the Typology of Russian Regions by Housing Affordability  and Availability in the 1990s–2020s </article-title></title-group><title-group xml:lang="ru"><article-title>Ранжирование и типология регионов Российской Федерации по жилищной обеспеченности и доступности жилья в 1990–2020-х годах</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8108-7253</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pilipenko </surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пилипенко</surname><given-names>Игорь Валерьевич </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>i-pilipenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Socio-Economic Studies of Population of the FCTAS RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт социально-экономических проблем народонаселения им. Н. М. Римашевской ФНИСЦ РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-30" publication-format="electronic"/><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>763</fpage><lpage>786</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-05-09"/><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-20"/></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright © 2024  </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru"> </copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="html" mimetype="text/html" xlink:title="article webpage" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/882">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/882</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" mimetype="application/pdf" xlink:title="article pdf" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/882/348">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/882/348</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Until the present, the common approaches predominantly employed by the government of the Russian Federation in fostering mortgage lending have not yet resulted in reduction of regional imbalances and, moreover, contributed to exacerbation of the problem of housing affordability during last five years. Thus, it became objectively necessary to differentiate the policy on housing construction in accordance with the housing market’s features in the Russian regions. Having identified some shortcomings in the Russian-language studies that made use of standalone, integral and groups of indicators as well as classifications of regions, this article proposes an approach to ranking and composing a typology of Russian regions based on the calculations of nine indicators. These are regional shares in all-Russian housing construction volumes in urban and rural settlements during the 1990s–2020s compared with average regional shares in the total population, changes in the average size of apartments and individual houses built, average housing affordability coefficients and the average share of individual housing construction in total housing construction in the medium term. The calculated indicators reveal considerable volumes of second housing construction within largest agglomerations and the increasing share of individual housing construction in 51 regions. It was also found that the average size of apartments built decreased in 79 Russian regions during the 2000–2020s, and there was 1.4 to 3.5-fold difference across regions in the average size of apartments and individual houses built. As a result, nine classifications of regions were composed comprising five groups each and a typology of Russian regions consisting of 16 types / subtypes characterising housing affordability and housing availability. The proposed author’s typology of Russian regions allows enhancing or adjusting the state housing policy taking into account regional housing markets’ differences between urban and rural settlements and between the sectors of apartment buildings and individual housing</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Используемые государством до настоящего времени преимущественно единые подходы в развитии ипотечного кредитования в Российской Федерации (РФ) пока не привели к сглаживанию региональных диспропорций в жилищном строительстве и, более того, способствовали обострению проблемы доступности жилья для населения в последние пять лет. В связи с этим возникла объективная необходимость дифференциации государственной политики по развитию жилищного строительства в соответствии с особенностями рынка жилья в субъектах РФ. С учетом выявленных недостатков в отечественных исследованиях, использовавших отдельные, интегрированные индикаторы, группы показателей и метод построения классификаций регионов РФ, в настоящей работе предложен подход к ранжированию и построению типологии субъектов РФ, основанный на расчете девяти показателей: долей регионов в общероссийском объеме вводимого жилья в городской и сельской местности в 1990–2020-х гг. в сравнении со средними долями населения регионов в численности населении РФ, изменения средней площади вводимого жилья в многоквартирных домах и объектов индивидуального жилищного строительства (ИЖС), средней доступности жилья и доли ИЖС во вводе жилья в среднесрочном периоде. Рассчитанные показатели свидетельствуют в том числе о значительных объемах строительства второго жилья в пределах крупнейших агломераций, об уменьшении в 2000–2020-х гг. размеров вводимых квартир в 79 субъектах РФ, о региональных различиях в площади вводимых квартир и объектов ИЖС, от 1,4 до 3,5 раз, об увеличении доли объектов ИЖС в общем вводе жилья в 51 регионе РФ. В результате были составлены девять классификаций регионов, состоящие из пяти групп каждая, на основе которых было выделено 16 типов и подтипов субъектов РФ, характеризующих особенности жилищной обеспеченности и доступности жилья. Представленная авторская типология регионов РФ позволяет улучшить или скорректировать государственную политику по развитию жилищного строительства с учетом региональных различий в рынках жилья между городской и сельской местностью и между сегментами многоквартирных домов и ИЖС.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>housing sector, housing construction, ranking, rating, classification, typology, housing affordability, housing availability, individual housing construction, region, Russian Federation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жилищная сфера, жилищное строительство, ранжирование, рейтинг, классификация, типология, доступность жилья, жилищная обеспеченность, ИЖС, регион, Российская Федерация</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="en-ref1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">André, Ch., &amp; Chalaux Th. (2018). Building a Typology of Housing Systems to Inform Policies in OECD and EU Member States. 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