2072-64142411-140610.17059/ekon.reg.2024-4-7The Impact of Regional Integration in GVCs on Subsidy Allocation Among Manufacturing Firms in RussiaВлияние участия региона в глобальных цепочках создания стоимости на распределение бюджетных субсидий среди промышленных предприятий в Россииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3015-3668Simachev Yuri V.Симачёв Юрий Вячеславовичyusimachev@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2405-8106Fedyunina Anna A. ФедюнинаАнна Андреевна afedyunina@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-8463DrapkinIgor M. ДрапкинИгорь Михайлович i.m.drapkin@mail.ruHigher School of EconomicsНациональный исследовательский университет Высшая школа экономикиUral Federal UniversityУральский федеральный университет им. первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина20410741086Copyright © 2024 Yuri V. Simachev, Anna A. Fedyunina, Igor M. Drapkin2024Yuri V. Simachev, Anna A. Fedyunina, Igor M. DrapkinCC BY 4.0Copyright © 2024 Юрий Вячеславович Симачёв, Анна Андреевна Федюнина, Игорь Михайлович Драпкин2024Юрий Вячеславович Симачёв, Анна Андреевна Федюнина, Игорь Михайлович ДрапкинCC BY 4.0https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/831https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/831/384

While global demand for industrial policy-making continues to rise, increasing attention is being given to how these policies are shaped by participation in global value chains (GVCs), both in developed and developing countries. However, much of the research overlooks the regional dimension of support allocation, particularly the integration of regional economies into GVCs. This study aims to address this gap by examining the factors influencing state support at the regional level, with a focus on backward and forward linkages within GVCs in the manufacturing sector. The analysis is based on a survey of 1,900 Russian manufacturing firms conducted between August and November 2022, using data from 2019 to 2022 across various sectors and firm sizes. The findings show that Russian regional governments generally adopt conservative strategies when allocating financial support, focusing on a core group of companies crucial for maintaining regional economic stability. This support is primarily directed at exporters and firms fulfilling government contracts, with state-affiliated companies becoming the primary beneficiaries due to shifts in external conditions. Additionally, regions with greater integration into the global economy tend to adopt a more vertical policy approach, favoring large, GVC-integrated firms, while less integrated regions prioritize smaller firms, especially SMEs. Regions with stronger downstream linkages focus on supporting innovation-active firms to advance localization, import substitution, and technological independence goals. These findings highlight emerging priorities in Russia’s industrial policy, suggesting that regional initiatives are needed to strategically reposition the country’s regional economies in the global landscape amidst changing global dynamics.

Растет запрос на промышленную политику как в развивающихся, так и развитых странах, при этом особое внимание уделяется ее проектированию применительно к позиционированию в глобальных цепочках создания стоимости. Существует провал в исследованиях, где фокус государственной поддержки, поступающей из региональных бюджетов, связывается с характером интеграции региональной экономики в глобальные цепочки создания стоимости (ГЦСС). Вот почему цель данного исследования — анализ факторов предоставления компаниям государственной поддержки из региональных бюджетов в зависимости от степени интеграции регионов в восходящие и нисходящие связи в ГЦСС в обрабатывающей промышленности. Для проведения анализа используется опрос руководителей 1,9 тысяч российских предприятий обрабатывающих отраслей, проведенный в августе — ноябре 2022 г.. Выборка включает в себя показатели деятельности компаний в 2019–2022 гг., репрезентативна в разрезе видов экономической деятельности и размерных групп предприятий. Мы находим, что финансовая поддержка компаний из региональных бюджетов более консервативна (менее поисковая по сравнению с поддержкой из федеральных бюджетов) и направлена на поддержку некоторого «ядра» компаний, значимых для устойчивости региональной экономики. Фокусом поддержки, распределяемой в регионах, выступают компании-экспортеры, а в последние годы также компании, выполняющие госзаказ. В 2022 г. в радикально изменившихся внешних условиях произошла смена представлений о драйверах развития — среди получателей поддержки вперед вышли компании с государственным участием. При наличии более существенной интеграции в глобальную экономику региональная политика становится более вертикальной, направленной на поддержку крупных, интегрированных в ГЦСС компаний, а при меньшей интегрированности — более горизонтальной, поисковой, связанной с поддержкой МСП. Для тех регионов, которые больше интегрированы в нисходящие связи (по сравнению с восходящими), заметно внимание к поддержке инновационно-активных компаний в интересах решения задач локализации, импортозамещения, технологической независимости. Наши результаты показывают некоторые латентные, но складывающиеся на практике приоритеты в промышленной политике. Как следствие, на уровне регионов можно обсуждать дополнительные инициативы содействия репозиционированию экономик российских регионов в глобальной экономике в условиях новой реальности.

subsidies, manufacturing subsidies, public support, federal level public support, regional level public support, global value chains, Russian regionsсубсидии, субсидии обрабатывающему комплексу, государственная поддержка, государственная поддержка на региональном уровне, глобальные цепочки создания ценности, российские регионы

This research was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation “Russian companies in global value chains before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: the effects of innovations and transformation of business-models” (project No. 22-78-10110).

Статья подготовлена при поддержке Российского научного фонда, проект No 22-78-10110, тема «Российские компаниив глобальных цепочках создания стоимости до и после пандемии COVID-19: эффекты инноваций и трансформации бизнес-моделей»

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