2072-64142411-1406

10.17059/ekon.reg.2023-4-20

Regional Differentiation of GDP at the NUTS-3 Level in Selected European Countries after their Accession to the European Union

Различия в ВВП на уровне регионов NUTS-3 в ряде европейских стран после их вступления в Европейский союз

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-6136

Stawicki

Maciej

Ставицки

Мацей

maciej_stawicki@sggw.edu.pl

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2393-0430

Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska

Agnieszka

Воевудска-Вевюрска

Агнешка

agnieszka_wojewodzka@sggw.edu.pl

Warsaw University of Life SciencesВаршавский университет естественных наук

19412241236

2023

Maciej Stawicki, Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska

Мацей Ставицки, Агнешка Воевудска-Вевюрска

CC BY 4.0

https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/769

https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/769/263

The issue of regional development is gaining importance due to the disproportions in its socio-economic aspects. The study aims to identify changes in economic development of selected countries which joined the European Union (EU) in 2004. The study examines small NUTS-3 (Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics) regions, which are territories determined for statistical purpose, that are less often analysed in the literature. Moreover, it focuses on spatial aspects, also considering rarely examined urban-rural typology of regions. The value and dynamics of gross domestic product (GDP) changes were presented using the Eurostat data for 2004–2019 on GDP per capita ratio (PPS) and GDP per capita (in % in relation to the EU-28 average). The analysis uses basic statistical and convergence measures; regional disparities were presented on graphs and maps. It was found that the examined EU countries are internally different in terms of economic development. The growth of GDP per capita was most dynamic in the Baltic States, Slovakia and Poland. The dynamics of GDP per capita in relation to the EU average was higher in regions — regardless of the type — where the value of GDP per capita was lower at the time of accession to the EU. In rural regions, the dynamics of development changes was smaller in relation to other types of regions. Convergence (both beta and sigma) is occurring at a very low level. Further research may focus on the reasons for enclosed disparities and factors of the ongoing changes.

Вопрос регионального развития приобретает все большее значение в связи с усилением социально-экономических диспропорций. Цель исследования — выявить, как вступление в Европейский союз в 2004 г. повлияло на экономическое развитие ряда стран. Для этого были рассмотрены небольшие регионы NUTS-3, определенные в Номенклатуре территориальных единиц для целей статистики, которым в научной литературе уделяется не так много внимания. Для изучения пространственных аспектов регионы европейских стран были разделены на три группы: сельские, городские и промежуточные. Величина и динамика изменения валового внутреннего продукта (ВВП) были проанализированы на основе данных Евростата за 2004–2019 гг. по показателям ВВП по паритету покупательной способности (ППС) на душу населения и ВВП на душу населения (в процентах по отношению к среднему показателю ЕС-28). Были изучены базовые статистические показатели и показатели конвергенции; региональные различия были представлены на графиках и картах. Установлено, что исследованные страны ЕС различны по уровню внутреннего экономического развития. Наиболее динамичный рост ВВП на душу населения был зафиксирован в Словакии, Польше и странах Балтии. Динамика ВВП на душу населения по отношению к среднему показателю по ЕС была выше в регионах, где значение ВВП на душу населения было ниже на момент вступления в ЕС (независимо от типа региона). В сельских регионах динамика изменений развития была ниже по сравнению с другими типами регионов. Бета- и сигма-конвергенции слабо выражены. Дальнейшие исследования могут быть направлены на изучение скрытых различий и факторов происходящих изменений.

EU regions, EU enlargement, Central-Eastern Europe, urban-rural typology, diversification in development, GDP, dynamics, regional development, NUTS-3, regional policy, convergence

регионы ЕС, расширение ЕС, Центрально-Восточная Европа, типология городских и сельских регионов, диверсификация развития, ВВП, динамика, региональное развитие, NUTS-3, региональная политика, конвергенция

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