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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><issn publication-format="print">2072-6414</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17059/ekon.reg.2025-1-12</article-id><title-group xml:lang="en"><article-title>Tourism’s Impact on Economic and Human Development:  Evidence from ASEAN 5</article-title></title-group><title-group xml:lang="ru"><article-title>Влияние туризма на экономическое и человеческое развитие: данные стран АСЕАН</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0506-0200</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tan</surname><given-names>Yan-Teng</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тан </surname><given-names>Ян-Тенг </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tyteng@utar.edu.my</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0992-9951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gan</surname><given-names>Pei-Tha</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ган</surname><given-names>Пэй-Тха</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>gan.pt@fpe.upsi.edu.my</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6673-841X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Salwa</surname><given-names>Fatimah Abd. Hadi</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салва</surname><given-names>Абд. Хади Фатима</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>fatimahsalwa@fpe.upsi.edu.my</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8529-951X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mohammed Gamal </surname><given-names>Awadh Ahmed </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мохаммед Гамаль </surname><given-names>Авад Ахмед </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>awadh.gamal@fpe.upsi.edu.my</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sultan Idris Education University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Педагогический университет Султана Идриса</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-17" publication-format="electronic"/><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>179</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-09"/><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-14"/></history><permissions xml:lang="en"><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2025 Yan-Teng Tan, Pei-Tha Gan, Fatimah Abd. Hadi Salwa, Awadh Ahmed  Mohammed Gamal</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Yan-Teng Tan, Pei-Tha Gan, Fatimah Abd. Hadi Salwa, Awadh Ahmed  Mohammed Gamal</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><permissions xml:lang="ru"><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2025 Ян-Тенг Тан, Пэй-Тха Ган, Абд. Хади Фатима Салва, Авад Ахмед  Мохаммед Гамаль</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Ян-Тенг Тан, Пэй-Тха Ган, Абд. Хади Фатима Салва, Авад Ахмед  Мохаммед Гамаль</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="html" mimetype="text/html" xlink:title="article webpage" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/742">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/742</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" mimetype="application/pdf" xlink:title="article pdf" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/742/416">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/742/416</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Tourism can serve as a driver of economic development, but economic growth does not always lead to better human development outcomes. This is particularly evident in post-pandemic tourism when analyzed through the Human Development Index. Supporting Amartya Sen’s argument that well-being should not be measured by income alone, this paper evaluates the impact of tourism within the capability approach. The analysis extends beyond economic indicators to incorporate health, education, and living standards, offering a more comprehensive view of well-being. Focusing on ASEAN 5 countries, the study finds a significant long-term relationship between tourism and human development. Panel cointegration analysis shows that increased tourism activity enhances key human development indicators, particularly healthcare, education, and overall living standards. A well-developed tourism sector can thus contribute to broader societal well-being, aligning with Sen’s emphasis on expanding individual capabilities and improving quality of life. The study advocates for tourism strategies that prioritize human development alongside economic gains, fostering a healthier and more prosperous society. It also presents policy implications and recommendations for promoting tourism in ASEAN 5, addressing gaps in existing literature. Future research could explore whether similar relationships hold across different tourism sectors, such as eco-tourism, medical tourism, and sports tourism.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Туризм может рассматриваться как один из инструментов экономического развития. Однако более высокие темпы экономического роста не всегда приводят к ускоренному развитию человеческого потенциала, особенно в контексте трансформаций туристической индустрии в постпандемийную эпоху, что демонстрирует индексе человеческого развития (ИЧР). Настоящее исследование подтверждает тезис Амартии Сена о том, что благополучие не может измеряться только доходом. Исследование опирается на «возможностный подход» и базируется не только на экономических показателях, но и на ИЧР, который, в свою очередь, включает такие показатели, как здравоохранение, образование и уровень жизни, что позволяет получить более полную картину. На основе данных пяти стран АСЕАН продемонстрирована существенная долгосрочная взаимосвязь между туризмом и человеческим развитием. Анализ с применением метода панельной коинтеграции показывает, что по мере роста туристической активности наблюдается соответствующее улучшение различных показателей человеческого развития, особенно в области здравоохранения, образования и общего уровня жизни. Развитый туризм способствует повышению благосостояния общества в целом. Это согласуется с возможностным подходом, который подчеркивает важность предоставления людям возможности реализовать свой потенциал и улучшить качество жизни. Отмечается польза стратегий развития туризма, которые делают упор не только на достижение экономической выгоды, но и на человеческое развитие, что в конечном итоге способствует созданию более здорового и процветающего общества. Представленные результаты могут использоваться при разработке мер продвижения туризма в каждой из стран АСЕАН. Дальнейшие исследования могут быть посвящены аналогичной взаимосвязи между экономическим и человеческим развитием и различными видами туризма, например, экотуризмом, медицинским туризмом и спортивным туризмом.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human development</kwd><kwd>tourism</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>panel cointegration</kwd><kwd>ASEAN 5 countries</kwd><kwd>Sen’s capability approach</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>человеческое развитие</kwd><kwd>туризм</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>панельная коинтеграция</kwd><kwd>страны АСЕАН</kwd><kwd>возможностный подход Сена</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams, K. M. (2018). Revisiting “wonderful Indonesia”: Tourism, economy, and society. In Routledge handbook of contemporary Indonesia (pp. 197–207). Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams, K. M. (2018). 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