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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><issn publication-format="print">2072-6414</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17059/ekon.reg.2026-2-17</article-id><title-group xml:lang="en"><article-title>Special Autonomy Funds and Regional Economic Convergence in Indonesia: Panel Evidence from Special Autonomy Areas</article-title></title-group><title-group xml:lang="ru"><article-title>Фонды специальной автономии и региональная экономическая конвергенция в Индонезии: панельные данные по регионам со специальным автономным статусом</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-6046</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><given-names>Suyanto</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><given-names>Суянто</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>suyanto_fe@unitomo.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8971-8624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Almughni</surname><given-names>Muhammad Afdha Alif</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альмугни </surname><given-names>Мухаммад Афдха Алиф</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>muhammad.afdha.alif-2022@feb.unair.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-7317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hendarto</surname><given-names>Totok</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хендарто </surname><given-names>Тоток</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>totok@unitomo.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5284-5684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Budiono </surname><given-names>Arief</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Будино</surname><given-names>Ариф</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ab368@ums.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Universitas Dr. Soetomo</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет имени доктора Соэтомо</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Universitas Airlangga</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Айрланга</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Мухаммадии в Суракарте</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="2026-06-26"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection" iso-8601-date="2026-06-26"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>475</fpage><lpage>486</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-16"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright © 2026 Suyanto, Muhammad Afdha Alif Almughni, Totok Hendarto, Arief Budiono</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright © 2026 Суянто, Мухаммад Афдха Алиф Альмугни, Тоток Хендарто, Ариф Будино</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suyanto, Muhammad Afdha Alif Almughni, Totok Hendarto, Arief Budiono</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суянто, Мухаммад Афдха Алиф Альмугни, Тоток Хендарто, Ариф Будино</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="html" mimetype="text/html" xlink:title="article webpage" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1343">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1343</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" mimetype="application/pdf" xlink:title="article pdf" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1343/1521">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1343/1521</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Persistent regional disparities and limited developmental progress in Indonesia's special autonomy regions,  despite  substantial  fiscal  transfers,  raise  important  questions  about  the  effectiveness  of  Special Autonomy Funds as an instrument for accelerating regional economic convergence and growth. This study examines the role of these funds in reducing regional disparities and stimulating economic growth in special autonomy regions. Although designed as an affirmative fiscal instrument, their capacity to achieve long-term macroeconomic  goals  remains  in  question.  Prior  research  has  largely  focused  on  development  indicators such as poverty reduction and infrastructure improvement, with few studies explicitly examining whether Special Autonomy Funds contribute to faster regional economic convergence. This study addresses that gap by evaluating both the convergence process and the direct impact of Special Autonomy Funds on growth. Drawing on unbalanced panel data from 496 cities and regencies in Indonesia, including 59 special autonomy areas, over the period 2007–2020, the study employs two econometric models: the Hausman–Taylor Estimator for convergence analysis and the Fixed Effects Model for growth estimation. Both models incorporate fiscal transfer variables and control for sectoral economic structure. The results indicate that while interregional economic  convergence  exists  at  the  national  level,  convergence  in  special  autonomy  regions  proceeds  more  slowly than in other provinces. Moreover, the positive effects of Special Autonomy Funds appear limited to the short term and do not generate a sustained growth stimulus, suggesting that fund utilization has yet to translate into productive capacity. The study concludes that long-term effectiveness requires both improved fund management and a reorientation of allocations toward strategic infrastructure, education, and health. Future research should examine micro-level impacts and governance mechanisms to further strengthen the developmental impact of these funds.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В Индонезии регионы со специальным автономным статусом получают значительные бюджетные трансферты, при этом региональное неравенство сохраняется, а прогресс в развитии остаётся ограниченным, что свидетельствует о недостаточной эффективности фондов специальной автономии как инструмента экономической конвергенции. В предыдущих исследованиях в основном оценивались такие показатели развития, как сокращение бедности или улучшение инфраструктуры, однако лишь в немногих напрямую рассматривался вопрос о том, способствуют ли фонды специальной автономии ускорению региональной экономической конвергенции. Данное исследование восполняет этот пробел, оценивая сам процесс конвергенции и непосредственное влияние фондов специальной автономии на экономический рост. На основе несбалансированных панельных данных по 496 городам и регентствам Индонезии, включая 59 территорий со специальным автономным статусом, за период 2007–2020 гг. в работе применяются такие эконометрические модели, как метод Хаусмана–Тейлора для анализа конвергенции и модель с фиксированными эффектами для оценки роста. Модели включают переменные фискальных трансфертов и контролируют отраслевую структуру экономики. Результаты показывают, что, несмотря на присутствие межрегиональной экономической конвергенции на национальном уровне, в регионах со специальным автономным статусом она протекает медленнее, чем в остальных провинциях. Кроме того, положительный эффект фондов специальной автономии ограничен краткосрочным периодом и не обеспечивает устойчивого стимула для роста. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что использование средств фондов пока не трансформировалось в производственный потенциал. Делается вывод о том, что долгосрочная эффективность фондов может быть обеспечена лишь при условии совершенствования механизмов их администрирования и концентрации ассигнований на приоритетных направлениях — инфраструктуре, образовании и здравоохранении. В качестве перспектив дальнейших исследований обозначены микроуровневый анализ и изучение институциональных механизмов управления.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>special autonomy fund</kwd><kwd>regional economic convergence</kwd><kwd>fiscal decentralization</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>special regions</kwd><kwd>regional disparities</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фонд специальной автономии</kwd><kwd>региональная экономическая конвергенция</kwd><kwd>фискальная децентрализация</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>специальные регионы</kwd><kwd>региональные диспропорции</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ack xml:lang="en"><p>The authors would like to thank Universitas dr. 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