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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><issn publication-format="print">2411-1406</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2411-1406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17059/ekon.reg.2025-2-20</article-id><title-group xml:lang="en"><article-title>Export Potential of Samara Oblast (Russia) in Trade with Friendly Countries</article-title></title-group><title-group xml:lang="ru"><article-title>Развитие экспортного потенциала Самарской области с дружественными странами</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-9873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakov </surname><given-names>Ivan D. </given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раков</surname><given-names>Иван Дмитриевич </given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>rakov@nifi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт Министерства финансов Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-03-26" publication-format="electronic"/><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>548</fpage><lpage>565</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-14"/><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-24"/></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright © 2025  </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru"> </copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read/><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="html" mimetype="text/html" xlink:title="article webpage" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1027">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/view/1027</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" mimetype="application/pdf" xlink:title="article pdf" xlink:href="https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1027/439">https://www.economyofregions.org/ojs/index.php/er/article/download/1027/439</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In response to sanctions imposed on Russia, there is an urgent need to reorient the country’s export flows toward new markets and diversify its product mix. This necessity is especially acute at the regional level, where the assessment of export potential can help identify new opportunities and inform development strategies. This study evaluates the export potential of Samara Oblast in trade with 82 countries over the period 2005–2021. The analysis focuses on two key commodity groups: fertilizers (HS Code 31) and electrical machinery and equipment (HS Code 85). The research proceeds in two stages. First, a gravity model of international trade is estimated using the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood method to account for zero trade flows and heteroskedasticity. Second, the model’s coefficients are used to predict the region’s export potential. The results reveal pronounced differences between the two product categories. Fertilizers (HS 31) exhibit strong export potential, with demand from trade partners playing a significant role in shaping export volumes. In contrast, electrical machinery and equipment (HS 85) demonstrate weak global competitiveness and limited growth prospects. These products are primarily exported to less developed markets with high trade barriers, where demand exerts minimal influence. Nevertheless, post-2014 sanctions stimulated modest improvements in this sector’s export performance. The findings offer practical insights for exporters and regional authorities engaged in export development and diversification.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В условиях необходимости переориентации на новые рынки сбыта и диверсификации товарной номенклатуры из-за вводимых против России санкций возрастает необходимость оценки экспортного потенциала для отдельных российских регионов. Целью исследования является оценка экспортного потенциала Самарской области для выявления новых рынков сбыта следующих товарных групп: удобрения (ТН ВЭД 31), электротехнические машины и оборудование (ТН ВЭД 85). Исследование выполнялось в два этапа, изучался экспорт региона в 82 страны; рассматриваемый период — 2005–2021 гг. На первом этапе оценивается эконометрическая гравитационная модель внешней торговли с помощью метода псевдомаксимального правдоподобия Пуассона. На втором этапе данные подставляются в оцененную модель для расчета экспортного потенциала Самарской области. Гравитационная модель показала, что направленность влияния на экспорт независимых факторов и их перечень сильно отличаются в зависимости от выбранной товарной группы. Товары, входящие в ТН ВЭД 31, имеют высокий уровень экспортного потенциала. Это подтверждают результаты модели, которая показала прямую взаимосвязь между спросом на данную группу товаров у торгового партнера и экспортом. Одновременно экспортный потенциал товаров, входящих в ТН ВЭД 85, крайне низок и имеет очень сдержанный рост. Это можно объяснить неконкурентоспособностью данных товаров на мировом рынке. Модель указывает, что данные товары направляются в наименее развитые страны с высоким уровнем торговых барьеров, и спрос у торговых партнеров на данную продукцию не оказывает значимого воздействия на экспорт. Но введенные с 2014 г. санкции против России позволили улучшить экспортные позиции Самарской области по данной товарной группе. Полученные результаты исследования могут быть использованы экспортерами российских регионов для поиска новых внешних рынков, а также органами государственной власти в части реализации стратегии социально-экономического развития.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>export potential</kwd><kwd>Samara Oblast</kwd><kwd>gravity model of foreign trade</kwd><kwd>export</kwd><kwd>fertilizers</kwd><kwd>electrical machinery and equipment</kwd><kwd>BRICS countries</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экспортный потенциал</kwd><kwd>Самарская область</kwd><kwd>гравитационная модель внешней торговли</kwd><kwd>экспорт</kwd><kwd>удобрения</kwd><kwd>электротехнические машины и оборудование</kwd><kwd>страны БРИКС</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body/><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Феоктистов, Д. В. (2013). Оценка последствий участия России в ВТО. 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